model Name:@@@@ MIROC-SPRINTARS

 

 

In our group, we have a 3-dimensional global aerosol transport model, SPRINTARS (http://sprintars.riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp/indexe.html), coupled with MIROC-AGCM. We can simulate not only aerosol burdens (dust, seasalt, organic carbon, black carbon, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium) but also aerosol optical parameters (AOD, Angstrom Exponent, SSA) and aerosol radiative forcings, because our model is on-line coupling with our radiation code. Also we can simulate meteorological fields and also have a nudging technique to interpolate reanalysis data to the model. However, our model cannot predict short-lived gases such as ozone and do not treat aerosol dynamic processes such as coagulation so far.

   

Asian anthropogenic matters (BC and SO2) are based on Streets et al. (2003), which is for year 2000. In order to make the emission inventory for other years i.e., 2001-2008, we generate new emission inventory using scaling factors derived from ratio of emission inventories used in AeroCom experiments (Diehl, personal) in each year during 2001-2008 to the emission inventory used in AeroCom experiments in 2000.

Biomass burning emissions in each month and year is based on the fire maps derived from MODIS (based on GFED v2 by Diehl, personal).

OC emissions are converted from BC emissions by scaling factors.

NH3 emission is Bouwman et al. (1997).

NOx emission is EDGAR (But for the nitrate simulation, we use 3d-HNO3 distributions obtained by a global chemical transport model, MIROC-CHASER, developed by Sudo et al., 2002 (http://chaser.env.nagoya-u.ac.jp/index.html).

 

The oxidant’ concentrations such as ozone and hydroxyl radical, which are not predicted in SPRINTARS but are needed to calculate sulfate chemistry, are given by CHASER.

Seasalt and dust aerosols are online calculated in SPRINTARS.

 

Goto D., T. Takemura, and T. Nakajima (2008), Importance of global aerosol modeling including secondary organic aerosol formed from monoterpene, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D07205, doi:10.1029/2007JD009019.

 

Goto D. Improvement of the radiative forcing evaluation with GCM for aerosol direct and indirect effects, Ph.D. thesis, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Goto, D., T. Takemura, T. Nakajima and K.V.S. Badarinath (2011), Global aerosol model-derived black carbon concentration and single scattering albedo over Indian region and its comparison with ground observations, Atmos. Environ., 45, 3277-3285.

 

Goto, D., K.V.S. Badarinath, T. Takemura, and T. Nakajima (2011), Simulation of aerosol optical properties over tropical urban site in India using a global model and its comparison with ground measurements, Annales Geophysicae, 29, 955-963.

 

Goto, D., N.A.J. Schutgens, T. Nakajima, and T. Takemura (2011), Sensitivity of aerosol to assumed optical properties over Asia using a global aerosol model and AERONET, Geophys. Res. Lett, 38, L17810, doi:10.1029/2011GL048675.

Goto, D., T. Nakajima, T. Takemura, and K. Sudo (2011), A study of uncertainties in the sulfate distribution and its radiative forcing associated with sulfur chemistry in a global aerosol model, Atmos. Chem. Phys.11,10889-10910.

 

Takemura T., Nakajima T., Dubovik O., Holben B. N., and S. Kinne (2002), Single scattering albedo and radiative forcing of various aerosol species with a global three-dimensional model, J. Climate,15, 333–352.

Takemura T., Nozawa T., Emori S., Nakajima T. Y., and T. Nakajima ( 2005), Simulation of climate response to aerosol direct and indirect effects with aerosol transport-radiation model, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D02202, doi:10.1029/2004JD005029.

Takemura T., Okamoto H., Maruyama Y., Numaguti A., Higurashi A., and T. Nakajima ( 2000), Global three-dimensional simulation of aerosol optical thickness distribution of various origins, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 17853–17873.

 

Takemura, T., Egashira, M., Matsuzawa, K., Ichijo, H., O’ishi, R., and A.Abe-Ouchi. A simulation of the global distribution and radiative forcing of soil dust aerosols at the Last Glacial Maximum, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 3061-3073.

1.     Daisuke Goto

Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), University of Tokyo, Japan

goto<at>aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp

2.     Teruyuki Nakajima

Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI), University of Tokyo, Japan

teruyuki.nakajima<at>aori.u-tokyo.ac.jp

3.     Toshihiko Takemura

Research Institute for Applied Mechanics(RIAM), Kyusyu University, Fukuoka, Japan

toshi<at>riam.kyusyu-u.ac.jp